Over time, the materials that make up the building experience natural aging, which can compromise the reliability of the structure. If we add certain factors to this natural degradation, the durability of the material may be further impaired.

When a certain degree of degradation is detected, it is time to make a decision about the future of the building. Among all the available options that can be studied, one is a technical intervention to strengthen the structure and extend its service life. As long as the necessary safety conditions are met, the results of the intervention can be guaranteed, and obviously it can be economically interesting for the patient.

The reinforcement and repair of the structure is a delicate intervention that requires a high level of engineering technology to ensure the safety of the results. Some of the most common reasons for this are:

• Affects the pathological appearance of basic structural elements.

• An accident or catastrophe that causes damage.

• Errors in the initial project of the building.

• The structure needs to be adapted to new uses.

• Any amendments to regulations that lead to irregularities in the structural state.

One material used in basic structural elements that usually require reinforcement is concrete. Over time, concrete will eventually develop a pathological condition that will reduce its performance, so it is important to develop a technical inspection plan to determine when necessary rehabilitation actions are required.

Carbon fiber reinforced concrete

Traditionally, the repair and reinforcement technology of structures has not changed much, but in the last few decades, the materials and technology used in construction have undergone tremendous development. Therefore, there are many different solutions to the same problem today.

Because composite materials exhibit interesting properties and performance, their use is revolutionizing all areas of engineering. These include those called FRP (Fiber Reinforced Plastics), which are compounds composed of high-strength fibers in a polymer matrix. Currently, one of the most commonly used fibers in construction is carbon, commonly known as carbon fiber reinforced materials.

The carbon fiber was first used in the aerospace industry excellently, like those steels, and at the same time has a very low weight, similar to the mechanical properties of plastics. In the case of concrete reinforcement, carbon fiber composite panels help withstand the stresses that may be more susceptible. The main advantages of carbon fiber boards used to reinforce concrete are:

• Relatively easy to place

• High elastic modulus and tensile strength

• Low density, making it a very light material

• Preservative